关于钻孔灌注桩埋钻的原因分析及补救措施

针对在钻孔灌注桩施工过程中出现的埋钻事故,从工程地质、土力学以及成孔方面分析了埋钻的原因,并介绍了处理埋钻所采取的措施.     

运用模拟生态系统评价果尔在稻田使用的安全性

在自行设计的稻田－鱼塘模拟生态系统中，以鲤鱼幼鱼和沼虾成虾为试验生物，对果尔在稻田使用的生态影响进行了模拟评价。结果表明，果尔在环境中消解很快，若按规定剂量在稻田使用，不会对邻近水域的鱼虾类生物产生危害，对稻田养鱼也是安全的。     

有机磷农药废水湿式空气氧化预处理的研究

以ｏ，ｏ－二甲氧基硫代磷酰氯生产废水为代表，在２Ｌ不锈钢高压釜中研究了有机磷农药废水湿式空气氧化预处理工艺，得到了实现有机磷、有机硫去除８０－９０％，ＣＯＤ去除６０％的工艺条件及其优化组合，工艺条件相当缓和，废水处理后，其可生化降解性显著提高，ＢＯＤ５／ＣＯＤ由０．２增至０．４－０．５。工艺条件用于处理其它几中有机磷废水取得同样好的效果。     

“双向探索法”──一种研究移民环境容量的新方法

水利工程的移民环境容量受社会、经济、环境等诸要素的制约。本文以中国四川省开县为例,提出“双向探索法”,并应用于移民环境容量研究,研究方法可行、灵活,且求解迅速可靠,能为决策者提供多种行动方案和决策信息。为本领域的科学研究做了一次有意义的尝试。     

新疆环境信息化建设存在的问题和对策探讨

信息化已被国家列为推进项目，环境信息化是国家信息化重要组成部分，结合新疆环境信息化现状对建设中存在的问题进行了分析，并在此基础上对问题成因进行了探讨，提出了对策建议。     

Multicriteria decision-making for efficient water and land resources allocation in irrigated agriculture

The irrational use of water in agriculture is often responsible for several problems concerning the depletion and/or the pollution of water resources. In these cases specific policy measures should be taken to protect water resources from harmful agricultural activities, mitigating at the same time their potential impact on farmers’ welfare. To this end, a multicriteria decision-making model is formulated that aims at allocating efficiently water and land resources in a rural area of Greece, by optimizing a set of important socio-economic and environmental objectives. According to the model’s output, past and current decisions on irrigated agriculture turned out to be oriented towards meeting exclusively the socio-economic objectives. Yet, there are several other possible allocations schemes that could be applied in order to improve the performance of environmental indicators and to contribute to a more sustainable use of natural resources. Moreover, the decision-making model can be further employed to assess a number of additional policy measures in irrigated agriculture. In this framework, the outcome of imposing various water pricing policies was evaluated. The efficiency of these policies was found tightly connected to the elasticity of water demand. Namely, higher elasticity seems to enhance the flexibility in resource allocation and the movement towards environmental objectives. Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue.     

Sustaining the Gains Made in Ecological Restoration: Case Study Collingwood Harbour, Ontario

As part of the commitments made by the governments of Canada and the United States in the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, Remedial Action Plans (RAPs) are being developed and implemented at Great Lakes Areas of Concern. The Areas of Concern are specific places around the Great Lakes basin ecosystem where environmental quality is degraded to the point that certain beneficial uses (the ability of fish, wildlife and humans to thrive) are impaired. According to the United States and Canada Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement of 1987, the federal governments, in cooperation with state and provincial governments, are to ensure the public is consulted throughout the development and implementation of the RAPs. While not explicit in the Agreement, it is logical to posit that given the effort and investment in environmental improvements, community capacity to sustain the recovery of beneficial uses beyond the life of the RAP should be a product of the RAP. This report examines a case study to test the hypothesis that public ownership of the RAP process can result in the development of community capacity to sustain environmental recovery. The question is, were the principles of the RAP, 10 years after delisting, taken into account to ensure sustainability of growth along the waterfront and within the Town? To arrive at the answer it is important to explore the approach used in the Collingwood Harbour RAP process, and concepts and principles of sustainable cities and towns. This paper provides evidence that such principles are being applied in Collingwood and were nurtured during the development and implementation of the RAP.     

因地制宜建设好彭州市国家级生态示范区

生态示范区建设是实施可持续发展战略的基本经济社会形式。本文简单介绍了彭州市的概况，根据建设的指导思想、建设目标，对彭州市进行生态经济分区，并确定了分区规划目标，相应的提出了重点建设领域，为当地开展生态示范区建设工作提供了理论参考。     

Fuzzy goal programming for biodiesel production

ABSTRACT

The energy consumed around the world and especially in Morocco is dominated by oil products. The latter; whether in the global or the national context; are mainly due to diesel, whose climate impacts are well established, suggesting the search for a greener alternative. Despite its virtues, biodiesel is struggling to impose itself for purely economic reasons. Thus, in order to offer a sustainable solution, while keeping in mind the unpredictable fluctuations (price, demand …). This work proposes a generalization of fuzzy goal programming into fully fuzzy goal programming and a relative application, where the aim is to have a final product at a competitive price.     

汶川8.0级地震非承重墙体震害调查分析

通过对汶川8.0级地震发生后西安、成都地区(地震烈度为Ⅵ～Ⅶ度区)的高层建筑震害调查,以某小区震后建筑物非承重墙体裂缝为实例,给出了高层建筑震害易发生的部位和楼层,分析了非承重墙体裂缝产生的原因。震害调查表明:汶川地震中,在抗震设防烈度为Ⅵ～Ⅷ度区,当地震烈度为Ⅵ～Ⅶ度时,非承重墙抗震性能的表现不尽如人意。提出了应对非承重墙体制定设防目标,且非承重结构构件的抗震设防目标应与主体结构设防目标相适应,使建筑结构设计,对非承重墙的抗震设防有据可依,使灾后有可能对设计与施工的质量进行评估,通过有区别地加强非承重墙的抗震构造措施,减小建筑物的震害损失。